
(a) Relative atomic displacements with respect to the cubic structure, in the P4mm phase: those define polar distortion mode. (b) The four basis symmetry-modes present in a polar distortion along z of the perovskite structure. The 12 -dimensional subspace of all possible polar distortions is spanned by that set of basis modes and their analogous along x and y. it is worth noting that the first three modes involve one atom per unit cell, the mode \epsilon_{4}^{z} involves two atoms per cell and, hence, the normalization condition implies that the atomic displacements in thi tetra-mode basis are smaller by a \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} factor.
auto-cropped from the OCR Markdown crop box (stage B); materials and kind to be reviewed in Phase 1